jeudi 25 juin 2015

Arratn imaziγn…iγbula n tutlayt

Yara t Muḥmmad blγzzali (Aselmad Belarhzali)



Kigan sg mddn da ttiγiln is d ar dγi ad ssntint tirra s tutlayt tamaziγt, d is ur γurs tlli awd yat taysi iran ad as yaws ad tgmu tmγr acku taddagt ur ilin iẓuṛan mqqurnin ur tufi ad tili ifrawn d icṭḥan mqqurnin ! Is llan kra n warratn izaykutn γur tmaziγt ? Mlmi ad ssntint tirra s tutlayt ad ? Ma ayd icuncgn amussu ad adlsan ? Man imukrisn d ittkkan mnid i warra amaziγ ? Ma s nγiy ad t nsyafu sg wanaw ad n warratn izaykutn ?

Yuwi d uslmad Σumaṛ Affa lli igan aslmad g tmγrudt n tmsna (rabat) dffir irzzutn lli iga γf usntl amzruy n warra amaziγ s uskkil « aεṛab » mas iga Umṛṛuk s umata ansa i uskkir n warratn s tutlayt tamaziγt s tmzarayin nns akkw swa g Sus nγ d Laṭlas nγ d Rrif irnu isslkn dg yat tinawt iga tt usinag agldan n tussna tamaziγt g 2003 mas d Sus ad igan tansbaγurt uggar s wanaw ad n warratn. Aya yuwi t id, mk lli inna, wansa arakal lli illan γur tsga ad d lli tt yujjan ad taggug γf iḍiṣn inadafn aylli tt yujjan ad tḍuf kigan n uzug anutlay d unamun d udmsan d usrtan.

Awttas sg warratn lli skrn imaziγn n zik ur igi tutlayt tamaziγt s iγf nns maka d ad ssawḍn tussna tamsγant i ugdud amaziγ lli ikkan ur da ittgzay taεṛabt, aya isfaw t mas amata g warratn ad aγn d iskkinn n usgd swa g igr n usumd nγ g igr n uflas nγ g igr n tikli n wasr nγ isfra lli t ittalγn, issuman t awd iddγ ur snzgumn imaratn ad s wanaw n tirra d ur srisn kra n ilugnn i usnmarra amaziγ.




Kra n imdyatn sg warratn aγ d yuwḍn :
  • Asuγl n udlis Al anwar assunnyya fi lkalimat assunnyya « Tifawin tisunniyin g tguriwin tisunniyin » i Muḥammad ug Aḥmad u Juzayy Aγṛnaṭi s tmaziγt n Sus.
  • Asuγl n udlis Al arbaεun annawawyya « Tisimrawin timiγsin » i Lmxṭaṛ Asusi.
  • Arra  « Tafukt n ddin » i Σli u Hmad ug Iliγ , adlis ad iga yat tmdyazt g llant mraw n yifḍn n tiwnt .
  • Baḥr addumuε (Ill n imṭṭawn) n Awzal.
  • Arra « Amaziγ » i Brahim Aẓnag.
  • Arra « Al-ḥuḍ» i Awzal.
  • « Taelif fi ttawḥid wa lfiqh wa lfalak » (Tirra g usyiwn d lfiqh d tjṛṛumt d tsnayrur) i Brahim u Σbdllah u Muḥmmad Aẓnag.

Yuwi d uslmad Affa g tinawt nns uttay n 25 n warra ttyaranin s tutlayt tamaziγt, irnu uslmad ad mas d arrantn lli ittyamaẓn g Uṛubba ttwaḥḍan g Iks Un g Rufans g Fṛanṣa.

Sg warratn imaziγn igan izaykutn lli ittyaskarn s tmaziγt « Kitab al-asmae » (Adlis n wassaγn) lli igan yan usgzawal (msmun awal) amaziγ aεṛab ittuγuln γr tasut tiss 12 n tlalit, ittyaskar usgzawal ad g 1146 dat n tlalit, yara t u Tunart lli iluln g 1085 dat tlalit immt g 1172 (ur igi u Tumrt Amuwḥḥidi), tili g warra ad 2500 n tguri tamaziγt lli g amunt 250 n wassaγn n imγayn, ig usgzawal ad yan sg isgzawaln akkw iqbrn g umaḍal. D hat zrwn kigan n imsnilsn imaziγn d ayt Uṛubba (Ihulandiyn d Ifṛanṣiṣn) asgzawal « Adlis n wassaγn » d yan umawal aḍnin assaγ nns « Kacf aṛṛumuz » d ifḍn n warratn yaḍn lli g llant tullisin, isfra, aflas, ismigiln,…lli d ikkan Amṛṛuk d Dzayr d Libya d Tiniri . arra amaziγ akkw iqbrn ittyissin ar dγi d arra « Kitab albarbaryya » (Adlis n tmaziγt) sg Tuns, illa g 896 n tasna, ar issfru taγarast tibaḍit . ar ittuγul usakud n usnulfu n warra ad amqran ar gr tasut tiss 8 d tiss 9 n tlalit, ar ittawz γf tzrawt nns umsnils aṭalyan Vermondo Brugnatelli sg tsdawit Milano-Bicocca. Aya yujja i imsnilsn ad isinn s talγiwin n ussmrs n tmaziγt n zik ittyaran sg uggar n 1200 n usggwas aya.



Ar dγi ur ta llint kra n tsiḍan i taysi ad tansbaγurt, d ur nssin man idγarn g llan kigan n warratn imaziγn wala mani g nn ḥḍan, s man aya ur nufi ad nfk yat twlaft imdn γf tilawt n warratn ad, d ar ttddrn aṭaṣ n imukrisn amm assmrs ur ifulkin, mnziwt ur illin d tanzzarfut, assrwl d tukkṛḍa, nrnu asn nn awd imukrisn igamann amm iγrdayn, iwḍfan, aγmal, ubuy n warratn atg  luman iddγ kigan g warratn ad gan uslign s kra n tawjiwin lli d ifl umara, ar tn bḍḍun grasn. addad ad ismrnat uggar iddγ ur llint kra n tkafutin nna rad iswuri γf uḥṭṭu d ufrag i warratn ad.  S man aya zmrγ ad iniγ mas mk aγ d uwḍnt tmiḍiwin n warratn hat ifḍn ad inγuban swa s iskkirn igamann nγ inafgann.

Arratn ad n tmaziγt gan yan uγbalu ur ittγarn i tutlayt tamaziγt iddγ usin kigan n umawal azayku nna ur nenni ad naf γur ayt dγi, aya yujja imrza ad sgisn ḍin kigan n tguriwin nna rad yaws g usbγr n tutlayt tamaziγt d ussudr nns, maka tiwuriwin nna ittugan ar dγi ur gumnt, iqqn d ad tili yat tstratijit i uḥṭṭu n taysi ad ittug as usnmala d tzrawin afad ad d sgisn ittuẓẓg akkw uynna uman n tussna s lawan akkw g igr n tutlayt tamaziγt.

mercredi 24 juin 2015

ⵉⵏⵣⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ

  • ⵢⵓⴼ ⵢⴰⵏ ⴰⴽ ⵉⵎⵍⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⴰⴽ ⵉⴼⴽⴰⵏ.
  • ⵡⴰⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵔⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⵎⴻⵎⵜ ⵉⵥⵥⵉⴹⵕ ⵉ ⵡⵓⵖⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵣⵣⵡⴰ.
  • ⵢⵓⴼ ⵓⵙⵓⵙⵎ ⴳⴰⵔ ⴰⵡⴰⵍ.

mardi 23 juin 2015

Ilugnn n usnmarra

ma ad d ittmun umyag g tirra?


* imatarn:
------ɣ
t-----d
i------
t------
n-----
t-----m
t------mt
------n
------nt
skrɣ, tẓṛd, tssnmt.....

* imatarn n wanaḍ:
-------
-------at/m
-------mt
-------aɣ
-------ataɣ
-------mtaɣ
skrat, ffɣmt, munm, dduyaɣ, nkrataɣ,.....
* "tt" n warusmid:
ili, ttili, asi, ttasi
* usliɣn inafuɣn:
s, ss, tt, ttwa, ttyi, m, mm, nn
awḍ, ssawḍ, myawaḍ, m, nnum, skr, ttyiskir
ma ad d ibḍḍu umyag g tirra?
----—------—--------—-------—--
* imqqimn usridn:
i/k/km/t/tt/aɣ/kʷn/kʷnt/tn/tnt
iɣ kʷn, annayɣ t, ufiɣ tn, inɣa i....
* imqqimn arusridn:
iyi/ak/am/as/aɣ/awn/awnt/asn/asnt...
fkiɣ asn, ulsɣ as, inna iyi, grɣ awn, sllaɣ asnt...
* imqqimn inzɣann
ɣifi, dark, sim, ɣurs, graɣ, fllawn, idunt, sgisn, digsnt....
illa ɣifi, ddiɣ sis/as, nmsHla graɣ, iskr idsn, iffɣ sgisn...
* tizlɣiwin n tnila d/nn
iffɣ d, iffɣ nn, ur d yusi, ur d yuzin, ur nn iddi....
* izrmyagn
ar, da, ad, rad, qad,....
ar ttetcaɣ, da ttffɣ, qad dduɣ..
* tazlɣa n tibawt ur
ur aɣ nkk ula kʷniɣ.
isɣa d ḥmmu timlsa i illis sg ugadaz.
isɣa as tnt d sgis.
amyag+amqqim arusrid+amqqim usrid+tazlɣa n tnila+amqqim anzɣan
ur as tnt d sgis isɣi
tazlɣa n tibawt+amqqim arusrid+amqqim usrid+tazlɣa n tnila+amqqim anzɣan+amyag
alaɣmu:
----------
snfl assaɣn d igrawn imassaɣn akkʷ illan g twinas ad s umqqim d yusan:
* lsiɣ tadffast.
* da d ttagmɣ aman.
* nniɣ as ad d iddu.
* ar isawal uslmad ɣf umzruy n tmazɣa.
* iga iɣf nns g ttilifun allig as uwin aqrab.

Tasmɣurt FIELDS : nɣ Nobel i tusnakt

Tasmɣurt "Nobel" ur da tettwafka g tusnakt!

Ur da tettwafka tsmɣurt "Nobel" lli isrs umusnaw akruran (chémique) aswidi alfred nobel 1833-1896 ɣas dg tfizikt d tkrura d tsngnfit (médcine) d tskla d ufra. Isrs nobel tasmɣurt ad dffir ma'yd t tgʷṛaẓ iddɣ yamu dg willi d issufɣn tanga n TNT d dffir ma'yd as ifaw mas izmr ad tettusmras i iwttasn ur illin d ifrayann (pacifiques).

Nobel ad ismagln ad ur tettufka tsmɣurt Nobel i imusnawn imusnakn. tasmɣurt FIELDS nttat tẓli s imusnawn imusnakn nna ur nn izrin 40 n usggʷas g umssudr nnsn. ayd tt isrsn d amusnaw akanaḍi John Charles Fields 1863-1932 afad ad irar azal i imusnakn dffir ma'yd ttusinfn sg tsmɣurt "nobel". Tili tanaḍt nns g 1924 s tfada n ad tettwafka tsmɣurt nns dffir tamttant nns. S man aya tga tsmɣurt tamzwarut n FIELDS amur i umusnak afinlandi Lars ahlfors g usggʷas n 1932.